Historicity

The foundation of the Sultanate in north India about the beginning of the thirteenth century not only led to considerable changes in the political, social-economical life but also exposed the country to foreign influences. The multi state system created by the Rajput gave way to centralized political organization under a bureaucracy the member of which were transferred from one territory to the other. The extensive territorial units called Vilayat or Khitta were governed through the governors called Walis or Sipahsalars accountable to the centre. Besides the Wali or Sipahsalar the finance officials and judicial officer’s called ‘Qazis’ were also appointed in the territorial unit with specified function and they were independent of the executive officers. Thus, the bureaucratic state system was centralized one.

• Process Of Urbanization
• centralized political organization
• cast cities

1. Economic history of Delhi Sultanate, opcit, pp. 287-303.
2. Technological changes an society 13th and 14th centuries, I. H. C. 1969.
3. Minhaj-i-Siraj juzjani, Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, ed. Abdal Hai Habibi, Kabul, 1963, Vol. I, pp. 405.
4. Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, Vol. II, Kabul, 1964, pp.163-64.
5. Hasan Nizami, Tajul-Massir, Ms. British Library London, No. Add. 7623, ff.120b -130b.
6. Iqtidar Husain Siddique, Life and Conditions in the Sultanate of Delhi, New Delhi, 1992, pp. 47-48.
7. Isami, Futuh-us-Salatin, ed. A.S. Usha, Madras, 1948 pp.105-06
8. Irfan Habib, Technological change and society: 13th and 14th centuries, Proceeding Indian History, Congress, Varansi, 1969.
9. Irfan Habib, Economic History of the Delhi Sultanate- “an essay in Interpretation”, the Indian Historical review, Vol. -iv no-2 (1978) pp. 287-303.
10. M. Habib, Introduction, Elliot and Dowson’s History of India as told by its own historians, Vol.- II , Aligarh, 1952, pp. 43.